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Viswanathan "Vishy" Anand (born 11 December 1969) is an Indian chess Grandmaster and former World Chess Champion. He held the FIDE World Chess Championship from 2000 to 2002, at a time when the world title was split. He became the undisputed World Champion in 2007 and defended his title against Vladimir Kramnik in 2008. He then defended his title in the World Chess Championship 2010 against Veselin Topalov and in the World Chess Championship 2012〔(As of May, 2012 – Official FIDE World Championship 2012 site ). Moscow2012.fide.com. Retrieved on 31 May 2012.〕 against Boris Gelfand. In the World Chess Championship 2013 he lost to challenger Magnus Carlsen and he lost again to Carlsen in the World Chess Championship 2014.〔http://www.chessvibes.com/candidates’-r13-anand-draws-clinches-rematch-with-carlsen〕 In April 2006 Anand became the fourth player in history to pass the 2800 Elo mark on the FIDE rating list, after Garry Kasparov, Vladimir Kramnik and Veselin Topalov.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=All time Top 100 Ranklist by Highest ELO Rating )〕 He occupied the number one position for 21 months, the 6th longest on record.〔List of FIDE chess world number ones〕 Viswanathan Anand became India's first grandmaster in 1988.〔(More questions than answers ), research.ibm.com〕 He was also the first recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in 1991–92, India's highest sporting honour. In 2007, he was awarded India's second highest civilian award, the Padma Vibhushan, making him the first sports person to receive the award. ==Early life== Viswanathan Anand was born on 11 December 1969 at Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu . Shortly thereafter, his family moved to Madras (now Chennai), where he grew up. His father, Viswanathan Iyer, is a retired General Manager of Southern Railways, had studied in Jamalpur Bihar, and his mother Susheela was a housewife and chess/film/club aficionado and an influential socialite. Anand is the youngest of 3 children. He is 11 years younger than his sister and 13 years younger than his brother. His elder brother, Shivakumar is a manager at Crompton Greaves in India and his elder sister, Anuradha, is a professor in the United States at the University of Michigan.〔() 〕 Anand learnt chess from age six from his mother and a close family friend named Deepa Ramakrishnan.〔(Question of the week ), Susan Polgar, Lubbock Avalanche-Journal, Sunday, 26 October 2008〕 Anand was educated at Don Bosco Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Egmore, Chennai and holds a degree of Bachelor of Commerce from Loyola College, Chennai. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Viswanathan Anand」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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